It’s tougher than M4 but won’t hold an edge as long, while being less tough than 3V but holds and edge longer. 2.75% Vanadium Crucible Particle Metallurgy (CPM)CPM steel utilizes and expensive and complex manufacturing process that provides a more even distribution of carbides. CPM 3V® should be considered for service in blanking and sizing dies, shear blades, cold and hot forging punches and powder compaction tooling. CPM 3V is a new tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a highly wear-resistant steel. ), CPM 3V Toughness & Wear Resistance vs D2, A2 & CPM M4 (Courtesy of Crucible Industries.). CPM 3V is a new tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a highly wear-resistant steel. In S30V, the hardening process is critical to the quality of the steel. Hardening temperatures >2100F (1150) are not generally recommended due to the resulting decreased toughness. CPM 3V® is an air-hardening, powder metal tool steel with a unique chemical composition that results in tooling with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and good wear resistance. CPM 3V steel has its advantages when it is used in a knife. Heat treatment (The hardness of the steel) The CPM-3V is tougher while the CPM-4V has better edge retention. Double tempering is required. What it is: CPM 3V is a "Crucible Particle Metallurgy" carbon tool steel, widely regarded as a "super steel" for its properties and performance. CPM 3V is a high toughness, wear-resistant tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process. On the toughness chart, REX 121 … Between the corrosion resistance and toughness, CPM 3-V rarely disappoints and fits a wide range of categories for blades where a more expensive CPM may not be necessary. CPM 3V is a new tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a highly wear-resistant steel. 0.215" thick CPM-3V American made powder steel Heat-treated in-house for maximum toughness, durability and edge-holding capability Industry-leading Cerakote Elite … Soak for 45 minutes minimum at temperature. CPM ® 3V: CPM 3V is a high toughness, wear-resistant tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process. The following are common misconceptions that are spread around the internet and/or that have been submitted as questions from readers. CPM 3V provides impact toughness approaching that of S7 and wear resistance higher than D2. It offers a unique combination of high toughness and wear resistance while it also guarantee a very good machinability. The focus here will be on A2 and CPM’s 3V. Less hardness in the heat treatment will mean more toughness but less edge retention; like many properties with knife steel it is a trade-off in qualities.Corrosion Resistance - CPM 3V steel is not stainless steel, it will oxidize if not properly cared for. And Z-Tuff is one of the toughest steels we have tested, perhaps the toughest when hardness is considered (61.5 Rc! So, now it becomes comparable to CPM-3V and M4, with excellent toughness and thus resistance to chipping in knives. Hold at temperature for 1 hour per inch of thickness, 2 hours minimum, then air cool to ambient temperature. The unique chemical composition results in tooling with very high impact toughness, very good hot hardness and good wear resistance. Both are from Crucible, and people also find themselves torn between the M4 and 3V. Carbides are the hard particles in steel that allow the blade to keep an edge. CPM 3-V is a tough and well known Crucible steel with a fair amount of chromium and the ability to hold a very fine edge, but slightly simpler in composition than S30 or S35-VN. There are four general properties which most use to evaluate knife steel:Edge Retention/Wear Resistance (how the cutting edge holds up to cutting use) Blade Steel Misconceptions & Myths. Corrosion resistance (Amount of chromium in the composition of the steel, chromium content over 11% is considered stainless)What does CPM stand for? *CPM, 1V, 3V, 9V, 10V, 15V, S30V, S90V, Rex M4, Rex T15, and Rex 76 are trademarks of Crucible Industries LLC, 2198 S. DuPont DriveAnaheim, CA 92806-61015, 7987 Crest Hills DriveLoves Park, IL 61111, Sales Offices: Tennessee 888-848-0037 Michigan 833-235-1678, All tool steel is sold as annealed with the exception of P20 and 4140HT, which are heat treated to HRC 28/32. See chart below. In addition, the CPM-3V alloy is specially designed for exceptional flexibility, shock resistance and wear. )0.80% Carbon 1.30% Molybdenum. CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2 Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the level of S7 (commonly used in dies) and other shock resistant steels. 3V has a leg up on A2 in toughness and wear resistance which means in the field it should hold its edge longer but will be more challenging to sharpen once the edge has deteriorated. Toughness Depending upon the application requirement for hardness, lowering the hardening temperature (underhardening) increases toughness. ). CPM 3V, a proprietary steel, very high toughness, less than CPM 1V, but more than A2, and high wear resistance, better than CPM 1V. CPM 4V Powder Metal Tool Steel. As a powder steel, CPM-3V offers superior dimensional stability and toughness, as well as extra-fine carbides in the steel itself that enable your knife to stay sharper, longer. This means that the combination of alloys in the steel make it more susceptible to dulling with repeated use. APPLICATIONS: CPM 3V should be considered for service in blanking & sizing dies, shear blades, cold and hot forging punches, powder compaction tooling and many other applications where a combination of strength, wear resistance and toughness is required. Furnace or Salt Bath: 1950°F (1066°C) Then cool slowly with the furnace at a rate not exceeding 50°F per hour (28°C per hour) to 1000°F (538°C). Even Crucible CPM-4V which is nearly identical to Vanadis 4 Extra has higher Si (0.8 vs 0.4%) and if anything it has tested higher for toughness than Vanadis 4 Extra. Be first to receive news about sales, coupons & new promotions. CPM 3V is a powder metal tool steel with a unique chemical composition that results in tooling with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and good wear resistance. CPM-3V. CPM is a trademarked name for a process that is also called Powdered Metallurgy or PM steel. For oil, quench until black, about 900°F (482°C), then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C), then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C). CPM 3V® is an air-hardening, powder metal tool steel with a unique chemical composition that results in tooling with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and good wear resistance. However, you can see why steels like 3V, CPM-CruWear, and 10V have been so popular given the high level of toughness each has for their level of edge retention. For Balanced Wear & Toughness: This high-end steel foundry process leads to superior stability, toughness and grind-ability with a cleaner finish than traditionally made steel. The focus here will be on A2 and CPM’s 3V. CPM-1V is a high toughness steel which I was surprised to find is a CPM version of the original matrix steel version of M2, called VASCO-MA. Insanely tough, this steel also manages to boast excellent edge retention and corrosion resistance. Continue cooling to ambient temperature in the furnace or in air. It is designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a high wear-resistance steel. CPM 3V. Preheating: 1500-1550°F (816-845°C), equalize. Soak for 20 minutes minimum at temperature. CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2, Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the levels of S7 and other shock resistant grades, while providing excellent It makes a great field knife blade that is tough and unlikely to break with heavy, near abusive, use. If hardness >HRC 56 is required, consider using CPM 3V or CPM 10V. CPM 3-V is a tough and well known Crucible steel with a fair amount of chromium and the ability to hold a very fine edge, but slightly simpler in composition than S30 or S35-VN. Bottom line is, CruWear is offered as a balance between 3V and M4. Heat at a rate not exceeding 400°F per hour (222°C per hour) to 1600-1650°F (871-899°C), and hold at temperature for 1 hour per inch of maximum thickness; 2 hours minimum. CPM 3V or 3v Steel is a high toughness wear-resistant tool steel, and it was built to offer maximum resistance from breakage, it’s used for stamping tools, blanking … CPM 3V CPM 3V CPM® 3V is a tough and wear resistant cold work steel of the CPM® tool steel family. There are many different types of steel that your knife could be made from. S3V has wear resistance (edge retention) that is comparable to the standard S30V. Quenching: Air, pressurized gas, warm oil, or salt. For Maximum Wear Resistance: Furnace or Salt Bath: 2000-2050°F (1093-1121°C) What it is: CPM 3V is a "Crucible Particle Metallurgy" carbon tool steel, widely regarded as a "super steel" for its properties and performance. Stainless Steel If we remove the non-stainless steels and look at stainless alone, the toughness … Toughness. CPM® 3V is often used as a 'problem solver' for those cases where conventional tool steels or other PM steels do not provide Advantages: Extraordinary toughness, wear resistance. About CPM 3V: The three criteria for steels are toughness (impact), wear resistance (edge retention), and corrosion resistance and it is a balancing act between them when using a material for knives. CPM M4 VS 3V. Do not temper below 950°F (510°C). Let us discuss CPM 3V steel when it comes to its performance in a knife. The resultant hardness should be approximately 241 HBW. The impact toughness is enhanced by the fine grain size, small carbides, and superior cleanliness of the powder metallurgy (PM) microstructure. If offers a unique combi-nation of high toughness and wear resistance while it also guarantees a very good machinability. Triple tempering is recommended when austenitized at 2000°F (1093°C) or above and when tooling will be wire EDM'd from a solid block after heat treatment. Disadvantages: Relatively more difficult to sharpen than predecessor steels like A2. CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2, Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the levels of S7 and other shock resistant grades, yet it provides excellent wear resistance, So how does 3V stand up against A2? For salt maintained at 1000-1100°F (538-593°C), equalize in the salt, then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C). That being said, according to Crucible's testing it holds an edge better than D2 (which is a comparable tool steel used in knifemaking) at a hardness 60 RC. CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2 Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the level of S7 (commonly used in dies) and other shock resistant steels. Both are highly rated for their toughness and wear resistance. CPM-3V Tool Steel Material Information: CPM-3V material is designed to provide maximum resistanc e to breakage and chipping in a highly wear-resistance material. For pressurized gas, the furnace should have a minimum quench pressure of 4 bars. This is the principle reason to select CPM 3V for a knife.Edge Retention/Wear Resistance - CPM 3V steel does not hold its edge as well as some other steels like S35VN or S30V. In addition, the CPM-3V alloy is specially designed for exceptional flexibility, shock resistance and wear. Disadvantages: Relatively more difficult to sharpen than predecessor steels like A2. CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2 Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the level of S7 (commonly used in dies) and other shock resistant steels. Soak for 20 minutes minimum at temperature, For Maximum Toughness: 7.50% Chromium CPM 3V: Toughness: Moderate: O1: Toughness: Easy: Super Blue: General use (Premium) Easy: Spyderco Paramilitary 2 Folding Knife – Amazon. CPM-M2 versus CPM-3V for piercing punches (impact toughness and blade retention) Additionally, many people wonder why S30V can chip. As a powder steel, CPM-3V offers superior dimensional stability and toughness, as well as extra-fine carbides in the steel itself that enable your knife to stay sharper, longer. Toughness. CPM, makes the steel stronger than the SAME steel made using a conventional steel manufacturing process. This is one the super steels that is quietly gaining a rabid fan base. The 3V, however, is more popular as a fixed blade since it’s very tough. CPM makes the steel more resistant to breaking, fracturing or chipping. Applying a very hard, scratch resistant coating such as PVD or DLC to a blade surface will help slow corrosion where the coating covers the blade - which general excludes the cutting edge.I hope this article has been informative about the CPM 3V Steel, one of the toughest blade steels available for use on knives. This is one the super steels that is quietly gaining a rabid fan base. When comparing CPM 3V steel vs. A2 steel, 3V is superior in edge retention and toughness with a big win for CPM 3V.Heat Treatment - Heat treatment effects the edge retention and toughness and is determined by the knifemaker. The performance of each steel, against each characteristic, is scored on a 1 - 10 ordinal scale. 3V achieved a high level of toughness consistent with what Crucible has reported about it. This is one the super steels that is quietly gaining a rabid fan base. Furnace or Salt Bath: 1875-1900°F (1024-1038°C) Advantages: Extraordinary toughness, wear resistance. 3V has a leg up on A2 in toughness and wear resistance which means in the field it should hold its edge longer but will be more challenging to sharpen once the edge has deteriorated. CPM-3V is, in many ways, the perfect blade steel for a fixed blade knife. Toughness: 90% to 100%; Corrosion-Resistance: 50% to 60%; If you truly want the best all-around steel, it’s probably going to be a toss-up between the CPM-3V & CPM-4V. And Z-Tuff/CD#1 was not designed to be a matrix steel, necessarily, but it has a similar amount of carbide to CPM-1V and overall has similar properties. Typical temperature range is 1000-1100°F (524-593°C). It will likely oxidize over time depending on the working environment, 3V steel is not stainless. CPM® 3V is a tough and wear resistant cold work steel of the CPM tool steel family. So how does 3V stand up against A2? Toughness (how durable the blade is) CPM 1-V has shock resistance close to S-7 and wear resistance close to A-2. It offers impact resistance greater than A2, D2, Cru-Wear, or CPM M4, approaching the levels provided by S7 and other shock resistant grades. S30V is a very high carbon steel. CPM 3V, made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, is designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a highly wear-resistant tool steel. CPM 9V is a modification of CPM 10V with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness and heat check resistance. Crucible: CPM-M4, CPM-3V, CPM-4V Generic: A2, O1, D2, 1095. Different types of steel have different properties, and some are better for knives than others. CPM 1V, a proprietary steel, very high toughness, several times higher than A2 with same level of wear resistance. Z-Wear (CPM Cru-Wear) showed very good toughness up to relatively high hardness. CPM technology helps to make homogeneous steel by distributing carbides in the blade evenly. Many tool steels have ~1% Si like CPM-10V, including Vanadis 10, but also steels with excellent toughness like CPM-3V and CPM-CruWear. Winkler Highland Hunter - Curly Oak Handle, Chris Reeve Small Sebenza 21 Natural Micarta Inlay Tanto Folding Knife, Hiroaki Ohta OLF-E 90 - Carbon Fiber and San Mai Damascus Slipjoint, Mel Pardue Custom Tanto Buffalo Horn Folding Knife, Hinderer EDP Extreme Duty Pen - Blue Anodized Titanium - Tactical Pen, Tuff Writer Precision Press Flamed Titanium Tactical Pen. Really, the only difference between them is a small bit of toughness and edge retention. CPM 3V is an air-hardening, powder metal tool steel with a unique chemical composition that results in tooling with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and good wear resistance. It will likely oxidize over time depending on the working environment, 3V steel is not stainless. If S30V is made and hardened through conventional processes, the steel can crack and chip. According to Crucible, 3V steel is meant to be heat treated in 58-60 RC (Rockwell Hardness Measurement) range for knife blades. I have found studies on hot work tool steels like H11 that found better toughness … Annealing must be performed after hot working and before rehardening. Tempering: Temper immediately after quenching. CPM 1V® is a medium-carbon, powder metal tool steel which exhibits very high impact toughness. CPM 3V steel has the following steel composition (Note the high amount of vanadium content which produces some of the smallest and hardness carbides in knife steel. CPM 3V® should be considered for service in blanking and sizing dies, shear blades, cold and hot forging punches and powder compaction tooling. It is designed to provide maximum resistance to breakage and chipping in a high wear-resistance steel. Austenitizing (High Heat): Heat rapidly from the preheat. CPM 3V steel has its advantages when it is used in a knife. Why choose CPM 3V Steel? The impact toughness is enhanced by the fine grain size, small carbides, and superior cleanliness of the powder metallurgy (PM) microstructure. The impact toughness is enhanced by the fine grain CPM 3V offers impact toughness greater than A2, D2, Cru-Wear or CPM M4, approaching the levels of S7 and other shock resistant grades, while providing excellent Why choose CPM 3V Steel? Carbide Distribution in CPM Steel vs Conventional Steel (Courtesy of Crucible Industries. CPM 3V. CPM 4V is a powder metal tool steel with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and very good wear resistance. CPM 3V is a powder metal tool steel with a unique chemical composition that results in tooling with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and good wear resistance. It makes a great field knife blade that is tough and unlikely to break with heavy, near abusive, use. Between the corrosion resistance and toughness, CPM 3-V rarely disappoints and fits a wide range of categories for blades where a more expensive CPM may not be necessary. Again, consider the four properties of knife steel:Toughness - This steel has outstanding toughness, so you can expect it to survive abuse in the field and in survival scenarios. CPM 3V is an American-made steel product by Crucible Industries in Syracuse, New York. Each steel is evaluated in terms of four performance characteristics: edge retention, toughness, corrosion resistance, and ease of sharpening. Typically, big choppers are made out of steels that have great toughness, a modern steel that exemplifies this would be CPM 3V. Even with proper care, discoloration or oxidation can be expected over time.
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